Claude Bernard
55 citations

Laplace considers astronomy a science of observation, because we can only observe the movements of the planets; we cannot reach them, indeed, to alter their course and to experiment with them. On earth, said Laplace, we make phenomena vary by experiments; in the sky, we carefully define all the phenomena presented to us by celestial motion. Certain physicians call medicine a science of observations, because they wrongly think that experimentation is inapplicable to it. ✨ Claude Bernard (2012). An Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine, p.47, Courier Corporation

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